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Indian Knowledge System (IKS)

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Name of college :- Maharani Shree Nandkunverba Mahila Arts and Commerce College Name : Alpa B Gohel Year : F.Y - BA [Sem 1] Subject : Indian Knowledge System [IKS] Date : 5th October 2025 Professor : Rachana Miss TOPIC: NATYA SHASHTRA AND RASA THEORY BY BHARAT MUNI Author : Sage Bharat Muni Period : Around 200 BCE – 200 CE Country : Bharat Overview : The Natya Shastra is an ancient Sanskrit text considered the foundation of Indian performing arts — drama, dance, and music. It contains around 6,000 verses divided into 36 chapters. Bharat Muni wrote it to explain how performance can educate, entertain, and spiritually uplift audiences. Main Ideas: Origin of Drama: Created by the gods as a combination of the four Vedas — speech from Rigveda, music from Samaveda, acting from Yajurveda, and emotion from Atharvaveda. Rasa Theory : Central concept — the essence of emotions. There are nine rasas (Navarasa) like love (śṛṅgāra), anger (raudra), joy (hāsya), sorrow (karuṇa), et...
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Abilities Enhancement Course (AEC)

Name of college :- Maharani Shree Nandkunverba Mahila Arts and Commerce College Name : Alpa B Gohel Year : F.Y - BA [Sem 1] Subject : AEC (Abilities Enhancement) Date : 5th October 2025 Professor : Shivani Miss ARTICLES Introduction Articles are small but important words in English grammar. A, An, The are the three articles. Proper use of articles makes sentences clear, precise, and professional. POSITION: They are used before nouns to indicate whether something is specific or general. FUNCTION:  1. Show whether a noun is specific or general. 2. Introduce a noun for the first time or refer        to something unique.    3. Indicate quantity, measurement, or                    classification of nouns. TYPES OF ARTICLES There are two types of articles in English: 1.Indefinte articles - a, an 2. Definite article - the Indefinite Articles – ‘a’ and ‘an’ Indefinite articles are used when we talk about s...
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English Literature

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Name of college  :- Maharani Shree Nandkunverba Mahila Arts and Commerce College Name  : Alpa B Gohel Year  : F.Y - BA [Sem 1] Subject : English Literature Date  : 5th October 2025 Professor  : Shivani Miss TOPIC: LEARNING ENGLISH THROUGH VERSES INTRODUCTION: English literature is full of creativity, imagination, and expression. One of the best ways to learn literature is through verses, such as poetry and rhymed lines. Verses help readers understand the beauty of language, the use of literary devices, and the depth of emotions. They also make learning more enjoyable and memorable because of their rhythm and rhyme. 1. Sonnet 130: 'My mistress' eyes are nothing like the sun' by a William Shakespeare. Poet Details: William Shakespeare Title : Sonnet 130 – “My Mistress’ Eyes Are Nothing Like the Sun” Author : William Shakespeare (1564–1616) Form : Shakespearean Sonnet (English Sonnet) Lines : 14 Rhyme Scheme: ABABCDCDEFEFGG Theme : Realistic love, sati...
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Skills Enhancement Course [SEC]

Name of college :- Maharani Shree Nandkunverba Mahila Arts and Commerce College Name : Alpa B Gohel Year : F.Y - BA [Sem 1] Subject : Skill Enhancement Course (English) Date : 5th October 2025 Professor : Aamena Miss LIFE SKILLS UNDERSTANDING LIFE SKILLS Introduction Life skills are essential abilities that help individuals deal effectively with the challenges of everyday life. These skills include the ability to think critically, communicate clearly, make decisions, solve problems, manage time, and maintain emotional balance. Life skills are not only important for personal growth but also for building strong relationships, achieving career success, and contributing positively to society. In today’s fast-changing world, life skills play a crucial role in helping people adapt, survive, and thrive. IMPORTANCE OF LIFE SKILLS Life skills are important for several reasons. First, they help individuals make informed decisions. For example, a student with good decision-making skills can ...
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Major - 1 [Proficiency in English language]

Name of college :- Maharani Shree Nandkunverba Mahila Arts and Commerce College Name :  Alpa B Gohel Year : FY.BA [Sem 1] Subject : English  - Major 1 (Proficiency in English Language) Date : 5th Oct 2025 Topic: Formal Letter and its Types Professor :- Aamena Miss 1.  HOME ASSIGNMENT Introduction A formal letter is a type of written communication used for official or professional purposes. It follows a set structure and uses polite, clear, and respectful language.  Formal letters are usually written to people we do not know personally or in situations that require seriousness, such as applying for a job, giving information, making a request, or lodging a complaint. Purpose of Formal Letters The main purpose of formal letters is to communicate important information in a professional way. They help in building and maintaining proper communication between individuals, organizations, and institutions. They are often used in schools, colleges, offices, and government depa...
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